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	<title>Permaculture Research InstituteEarth Banks &#187; Permaculture Research Institute</title>
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	<description>Permaculture News, Commentary and Worldwide Projects.</description>
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	<managingEditor>craig@permaculture.org.au (Permaculture Research Institute)</managingEditor>
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		<title>Permaculture Research Institute</title>
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	<itunes:summary>Changing the world one site at a time</itunes:summary>
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	<itunes:author>Permaculture Research Institute</itunes:author>
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		<itunes:name>Permaculture Research Institute</itunes:name>
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		<title>January Earthworks Course Early Bird Discount is About to Expire</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/12/15/january-earthworks-course-early-bird-discount-is-about-to-expire/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/12/15/january-earthworks-course-early-bird-discount-is-about-to-expire/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Dec 2011 10:50:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Bonnie Freibergs</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Courses/Workshops]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terraces]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=6772</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Photo &#169; Craig Mackintosh
This is a courtesy reminder to mention that the 10% &#8216;early bird&#8217; discount ($110) for the January Permaculture Earthworks course being taught by Geoff Lawton at Zaytuna Farm will expire on Monday the 19th of December. If you&#8217;re planning to take part in this fantastic course, now&#8217;s the time to book.

  [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/12/15/january-earthworks-course-early-bird-discount-is-about-to-expire/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Let the Water Do the Work: Induced Meandering, an Evolving Method for Restoring Incised Channels</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/07/14/let-the-water-do-the-work-induced-meandering-an-evolving-method-for-restoring-incised-channels/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/07/14/let-the-water-do-the-work-induced-meandering-an-evolving-method-for-restoring-incised-channels/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Jul 2011 18:04:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Owen Hablutzel</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DVDs/Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gabions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Irrigation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Limonia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Material]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Natural Swimming]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Potable Water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Regional Water Cycle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rehabilitation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roads]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Soil Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Soil Erosion & Contamination]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storm Water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Surveying]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terraces]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Contaminaton & Loss]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Harvesting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=5932</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The volume reviewed below comes highly recommended for all Permaculturists working in or around any water channels, and particularly on the broad-acre. While the methods happen to apply most immediately in drylands, they will apply directly anywhere that erosion, down-cutting, rapid gully formation, and other forms of channel incision occur. Keep in mind that these [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/07/14/let-the-water-do-the-work-induced-meandering-an-evolving-method-for-restoring-incised-channels/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Positive Examples of Agricultural and Community Transformation in Kenya</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/07/07/positive-examples-of-agricultural-and-community-transformation-in-kenya/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/07/07/positive-examples-of-agricultural-and-community-transformation-in-kenya/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Jul 2011 13:43:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Craig Mackintosh PRI Editor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Aid Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Community Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Demonstration Sites]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Education Centres]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Food Shortages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[GMOs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Warming/Climate Change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Health & Disease]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Irrigation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plant Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rehabilitation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Soil Biology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Soil Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terraces]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Village Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waste Systems & Recycling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Harvesting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=5897</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;m adding  the following clips as a positive supplement to the preceding post. I think it&#8217;s important to see that positive work is happening, and that GMOs are not only not needed, but they are a definite threat to these excellent efforts. Permaculturists working, or intending to work, in Kenya could potentially find ways [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/07/07/positive-examples-of-agricultural-and-community-transformation-in-kenya/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Earthworks Course &#8211; Zaytuna Farm, The Channon, May 2011</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/05/12/earthworks-course-zaytuna-farm-the-channon-may-2011/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/05/12/earthworks-course-zaytuna-farm-the-channon-may-2011/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 May 2011 15:25:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Steve Grace</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Courses/Workshops]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gabions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Irrigation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Limonia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rehabilitation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roads]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storm Water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Surveying]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Harvesting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=5603</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
The sun works on an 11 year cycle over which it radiates heat at varying levels upon the earth. The cycle is observed by counting the frequency and placement of sunspots visible on the sun. Currently we are at a peak of the cycle whereby the sun is radiating a maximum amount of heat and [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/05/12/earthworks-course-zaytuna-farm-the-channon-may-2011/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Al Baydha Project, Saudi Arabia: Fence vs. Earth Berm</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/05/09/al-baydha-project-saudi-arabia-fence-vs-earth-berm/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/05/09/al-baydha-project-saudi-arabia-fence-vs-earth-berm/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 May 2011 09:05:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Neal Spackman</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Demonstration Sites]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fencing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gabions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=5592</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Editor&#8217;s Note: This is an update on the Al Baydha project we introduced here.
In order to demonstrate our agricultural system, we need to keep goats, camels, and sheep off the site. Initially we were planning to build a standard chain-link fence, but decided we could do better. Instead, we are putting up a big earth [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/05/09/al-baydha-project-saudi-arabia-fence-vs-earth-berm/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>PRI Ridge Point Dam Earthworks</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/04/07/pri-ridge-point-dam-earthworks/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/04/07/pri-ridge-point-dam-earthworks/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Apr 2011 18:58:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Gordon Williams</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Irrigation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Material]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Natural Swimming]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Harvesting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=5438</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Gordon Williams

On the 31st of January the Permaculture Earthworks course at Zaytuna Farm began with good weather and a group of enthusiastic students ready to see the process of laying the groundwork for functional rainwater harvesting features in landscapes. During the week a variety of works were conducted across the property, including a new [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/04/07/pri-ridge-point-dam-earthworks/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>14</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Observations and Interactions at the Jordan Valley Permaculture Project (aka &#8216;Greening the Desert &#8211; the Sequel&#8217;)</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/03/30/observations-and-interactions-at-the-jordan-valley-permaculture-project-aka-greening-the-desert-the-sequel/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/03/30/observations-and-interactions-at-the-jordan-valley-permaculture-project-aka-greening-the-desert-the-sequel/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Mar 2011 22:53:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Christian Douglas</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Aid Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Community Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Compost]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Demonstration Sites]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Developments]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Education Centres]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Food Forests]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Food Plants - Annual]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Food Plants - Perennial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Irrigation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plant Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Project Positions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rehabilitation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Salination]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Structure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terraces]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Urban Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Harvesting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=5367</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Is it any wonder with daily reminders of the widening disparity between exponential population growth and water and food scarcity, so many of us begin to question the possibility of long term sustainable human habitation on the planet? Being a constant witness to damage caused by modern agricultural practices &#8212; motivated and driven largely by [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/03/30/observations-and-interactions-at-the-jordan-valley-permaculture-project-aka-greening-the-desert-the-sequel/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>19</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Permaculture at the Al-Baydha Project in Saudi Arabia &#8211; Neal Spackman, Video 1</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/01/14/permaculture-at-the-al-baydha-project-in-saudi-arabia-neal-spackman-video-1/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/01/14/permaculture-at-the-al-baydha-project-in-saudi-arabia-neal-spackman-video-1/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Jan 2011 18:19:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Craig Mackintosh PRI Editor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Demonstration Sites]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gabions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terraces]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=4927</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Do you remember Geoff&#8217;s recent Saudi Arabia consultation? Well, left behind in the Kingdom as project manager to implement the work is Neal Spackman. Neal has kindly followed up on my request for reports, providing the video and images below. After the video I&#8217;ll give you a little more swivel-chair commentary based on info I&#8217;ve [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2011/01/14/permaculture-at-the-al-baydha-project-in-saudi-arabia-neal-spackman-video-1/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>17</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Piped Swale Crossings</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2010/11/13/piped-swale-crossings/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2010/11/13/piped-swale-crossings/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Nov 2010 15:11:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Geoff Lawton</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Irrigation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Soil Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storm Water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swales]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Waste Water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Harvesting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=4560</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Permaculture is a connecting system between disciplines and elements in a matrix of design, and swales are a mainframe element. The efficiency of swales is that they can interrupt water surface flow high in a landscape where it is then infiltrated relatively quickly, on contour, and moves incredibly slowly through the landscape soil and subsoil [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2010/11/13/piped-swale-crossings/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Strawberry Fields Update &#8211; Flood Protection and Water Control in Ethiopia</title>
		<link>http://permaculture.org.au/2010/10/08/strawberry-fields-update-flood-protection-and-water-control-in-ethiopia/</link>
		<comments>http://permaculture.org.au/2010/10/08/strawberry-fields-update-flood-protection-and-water-control-in-ethiopia/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 07 Oct 2010 14:03:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alex McCausland</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Aid Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Community Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Demonstration Sites]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth Banks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Education Centres]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gabions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Irrigation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Regional Water Cycle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roads]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Soil Conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storm Water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terraces]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water Harvesting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://permaculture.org.au/?p=4204</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[One of the biggest challenges of doing Permaculture in a semi-arid place like Konso is the drought-flood hydrology besets in degraded dry-lands. The whole of south Ethiopia has now been so deforested, added to the fact that the global climate is getting completely messed up, that rainfall is now completely unpredictable. The old folks are [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://permaculture.org.au/2010/10/08/strawberry-fields-update-flood-protection-and-water-control-in-ethiopia/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
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